The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution

The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) is a future mission, It scheduled for launch in late 2013, it will be the first mission for understanding the Martian upper atmosphere and it contributes for found there sources.The goal of MAVEN is to determine the role that loss of atmospheric gas to space played in changing the Martian climate through time.MAVEN will determine how much of the Martian atmosphere has been lost over time by measuring the current rate of escape to space and gathering enough information about the relevant processes to allow extrapolation backward in time.

Curiosity on Mars

PSLV Vehicles

PSLV means Polar Sateliite Launch Vehicles.It is first operational and introduced launch vehicle of ISRO. The PLSV is launching 1600kg satellites into Sun-synchronous orbit.The Sun-synchronous orbit is above 620km from Earth surface and it is launching 1050kg satellites into Geo-synchronous orbit. PLSV contains standard features and configurations.It measures 44.4 m tall, with a lift off weight of 295 tonnes. PSLV has four stages using solid and liquid propulsion systems alternately. The first stage is one of the largest solid propellant boosters in the world and carries 139 tonnes of propellant. A cluster of six strap-ons attached to the first stage motor, four of which are ignited on the ground and two are air-lit.

The reliability rate of PSLV has been superb. There had been 21 continuously successful flights of PSLV, till September 2012 . With its variant configurations, PSLV has proved its multi-payload, multi-mission capability in a single launch and its geosynchronous launch capability. In the Chandrayaan-mission, another variant of PSLV with an extended version of strap-on motors, PSOM-XL, the payload haul was enhanced to 1750 kg in 620 km SSPO. PSLV has rightfully earned the status of workhorse launch vehicle of ISRO.

Till now, The launched PLSV vehicles are PLSV-D1,PLSV-D2, PLSV-D3, PLSV-C1, PLSV-C2,PLSV-C3, PLSV-C4, PLSV-C5, PLSV-C6, PLSV-C7, PLSV-C8, PLSV-C9, PLSV-C10,PLSV-C11, PLSV-C12, PLSV-C14, PLSV-C15, PLSV-C16, PLSV-C17, PLSV-C18, PLSV-C19, PLSV-C21.

Successfully Intelsat-23 launched into Space

Intelsat-23 was launched into the space in October 2012 through an International Launch Service(ILS).IS-23 was successfully launched by Proton vehicle from The Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.This service life is more than 18years, The main purpose of this satellite is using for Find out Oil sources, Enterprise, gas and Data networks.According, it provides C-band Services in Europe, America and Africa customers and Ku-band for Latin America.

China launched two satellites into space for Global Positioning system

China launched two satellites into the space for Global positioning system and Global navigation network.These two satellites launched from Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest Sichuan province. by a Long March-3B carrier rocket.

these two satellites contains Beidou systems and this system used in transportation,weather forecasting,forestry,marine fisheries,hydrological monitoring and telecommunications,mapping.China started to build up its own satellite navigation system to break its dependence on the US GPS in 2000.It had a set up a regional satellite navigation system after launching three Beidou geostationary satellites.

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Small Satellites

ISRO launched small satellites in space for useful and experimental purpose.This experiment satellites for Remote sensing ,Atmospheric Studies, Orbit Controls, Payload Development, Recovery Technology, Infrared Earth Changes etc.

JUGNU: jugnu is a nanosatellite.this net weight 3 kg.it is designed and developed by Indian Institute of Technology in Kanpur under the guidance of ISRO.The main purpose of this satellite is developed camera system for imaging the earth in the near infrared region and test image processing.It is evaluate GPS receiver and it is used in satellite navigation.